Healing the Fragmented Selves: Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment (TIST) Post-Test

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1. Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment or TIST is a:*
- Skills-based approach to trauma
- Parts-based approach to trauma
- Processing approach
- CBT approach
2. Traumatic memory differs from memory for other experiences in which way:*
- Trauma results in traumatic amnesia
- Traumatic experiences are encoded as implicit memories
- Trauma is encoded as procedural memory
- Trauma survivors tend to have a preponderance of implicit and procedural memories
3. The ability to tolerate feelings and impulses is directly related to:*
- Early secure attachment relationships
- How strict vs. permissive our parents were
- Traumatic experience
- Early experiences of acceptance vs. rejection
4. Traumatic experiences in childhood:*
- Interfere with connection to others
- Result in a traumatized nervous system and dysregulated emotions
- Result in low self-esteem
- Cause chronic fear
5. Signs and symptoms of self-alienation include which of the following?*
- Dis-owning certain emotions or behaviors
- Self-hatred
- Dis-owning certain emotions/behaviors and self-hatred for having them
- Disconnection and numbing
6. Self-alienation and self-hatred often manifest in which of the following ways?*
- Low self-esteem
- Disconnection from emotion
- Beliefs that reinforce self-loathing
- Depression
7. Disowning parts that hold emotions or emotional needs serves what purpose?*
- Hypervigilant anticipation of threat
- Disconnection from emotions and body
- Counterdependence
- Adaptation to environments in which needs are not met and emotions punished
8. “Triggering,” reactivity to cues related to the traumatic experience, stimulates:*
- Narrative memories of what happened
- Visual, emotional, and somatic implicit memories
- Amnesia for the event
- Easy startle response
9. Traumatic implicit emotional and body memories are:*
- Often hard to recognize as “memory.”
- A theory, not a fact
- Only true if backed up by a memory of the event
- Easily distinguishable from other emotional and body reactions
10. Trauma-related symptoms result from:*
- Secondary gain
- Unresolved memory
- Survivor guilt
- The body’s sensitivity to all cues connected to traumatic events
11. In trauma treatment, post-traumatic symptoms are:*
- A pathological element to be treated
- Considered evidence of adaptations to traumatic circumstances
- Targets of treatment
- Are irrelevant to the task of retrieving memories for events
12. In fragmented or dissociated clients, the parts of the personality*
- Tend to be associated with implicit rather than explicit memories
- Hold memories of events that they can narrate
- Are repositories of memories from certain ages
- Are a metaphorical concept without merit
13. In chronically threatening environments, most individuals develop characteristic autonomic nervous system patterns of:*
- Sympathetic hyperarousal
- Parasympathetic hypoarousal
- Ventral vagel responses
- Alternating hyper- and hypoarousal
14. Parasympathetic hypo-arousal drives feelings of:*
- Helplessness and hopelessness
- Anxiety
- Anger
- Excitement
15. Sympathetic hyperarousal is associated with:*
- Nightmares and flashbacks
- Failure to be vigilant
- Low energy
- Disconnection from emotion
16. Suicidal, self-destructive, and addictive behavior reflects:*
- Attention-seeking behavior
- Pleasure- or punishment-seeking behavior
- Activity of Fight and Flight parts
- The wish to die
17. The term “structural dissociation” refers to:*
- A diagnostic system for classifying dissociative disorders
- An explanatory model for understanding trauma-related fragmentation
- A way of working with trauma
- Dissociative disorders
18. Structural dissociation often manifests in:*
- Intractable internal conflicts
- Difficulty making good use of therapy
- Difficulty remembering what happened yesterday
- Stuckness in the therapy
19. “Structural dissociation” reflects:*
- The tendency to space out
- A way of dealing with memory
- The split or fragmented nature of the human brain
- A factitious symptom
20. The five animal-defense survival responses*
- Are characteristic only of non-human mammals
- Are also observed in human beings
- Are irrelevant to the human species
- Are irrelevant to trauma treatment
21. In the Structural Dissociation model, why are the parts labeled by their defensive responses?*
- Arbitrary classification system
- Parts of DID clients have names and identities
- Parts reflect survival responses rather than memory
- Parts remember events related to their survival defenses
22. In treating fragmentation and self-alienation, the first step is:*
- Learning to mindfully notice the indications of parts
- Developing the capacity to care for the parts
- Helping the client to tolerate the parts’ memories
- Accept a diagnosis of DID
23. Parts driven by the ‘attach for survival’ or ‘cry for help’ responses are identifiable because of their:*
- Their suicidal tendencies
- Their neediness and dependent behavior
- Impulsive attention-seeking
- Hopeless and passivity
24. Shame, hopelessness and self-loathing are all common emotional reactions of which part of the personality?*
- Freeze
- Fight
- Submit
- Flight
25. Indications of the Fight part include which of the following?*
- Self-harm and suicidality
- Masochism
- Avoidance of close relationships
- Caretaking
26. The Flight part is associated with which of the following symptoms?*
- Intolerance of enclosed spaces
- Substance abuse and eating disorders
- Long-term relationships
- Love for movement and dance
27. In Structural Dissociation theory, the client’s current life functioning is considered:*
- Irrelevant to the treatment
- A false self
- A barometer indicating stability
- A reflection of the strengths of the client’s “going on with normal life self”
28. The “Going On with Normal Life self” represents:*
- The instinctive adaptive tendency to “keep on keeping on” after trauma
- A way of managing buried emotions and disowned parts of the self
- A pseudo self that acts ‘as if’
- A depressed part that feels fraudulent
29. Denial of the trauma or minimizing what happened is associated with which part?*
- Attach
- Submit
- Fight
- Going on with Normal Life self
30. Client instability or unsafe behavior reflects:*
- Attention-seeking behavior
- Internal conflicts between parts driven by different survival strategies
- Signs of a personality disorder diagnosis
- Self-destructive tendencies
31. One of the major challenges for the therapist working with fragmented individuals is:*
- Keeping in mind that the client is a whole person and has a fragmented self
- Keeping in mind that the client is a whole person even if he perceives himself as fragmented
- Keeping in mind that the client is fragmented even if he perceives himself as a whole person
- Avoiding the use of the word “part”
32. Resolving trauma requires:*
- An autonomic nervous system capable of regulating stress and emotion within a window of tolerance.
- Retrieving the memories of what happened
- Feeling loved by the therapist
- Processing the traumatic memories
33. One of the challenges of trauma treatment for the therapist is:*
- Being dysregulated by dysregulated clients
- Managing high-risk behavior
- Tolerating stuckness and resistance
- Exposure to details of traumatic memory
34. Cutting edge treatments for trauma*
- Tend to be mindfulness-based methods increasing activity in the medial prefrontal cortex
- Should focus on exposure to traumatic narratives
- Should be manualized approaches
- Should include discharging anger
35. Not only is it necessary to help clients learn to recognize the manifestations of parts as they arise but also:*
- We have to help them nurture and care for their parts
- We too have to recognize the signs of parts as they appear in the client’s presentation
- We must ascertain what memories each part is holding
- We must have the client integrate the parts so that s/he is “homogenized”
36. “Highjacking” is a trauma-related term describing what phenomenon?*
- The result of triggering (i.e., prefrontal inhibition, limbic activation)
- Acting out behavior
- Distorted cognitions
- A dysregulated nervous system
37. Greater difficulty functioning in daily life and frequent crises, hospitalizations, or need for emergency services is an indicator that:*
- The client needs to learn more skills for stabilization and self-management
- The parts have “highjacked” the Going On with Normal Life Self
- The client is manipulative and attention-seeking
- The client has a personality disorder
38. In therapy with trauma clients, it is important to:*
- Recognize regressive behavior as a sign of child parts emerging in the treatment
- Work individually with each traumatized part
- Treat the client as if he or she were not fragmented
- Teach the client to play or read aloud to child parts
39. In work with fragmented clients, therapists must be careful to:*
- Avoid using the language of parts
- Avoid assuming that what is being expressed represents the whole of the client’s feelings/point of view
- Use only the client’s given name, never the names of the parts
- Treat the client as if s/he were a whole unfragmented person
40. Fragmented and dissociated parts:*
- Hold whole narratives of past events
- May hold different versions of the same event
- Are imaginary
- Experience the past as not yet over and themselves as still in danger
41. The best way to help clients identify their fragmented parts is by asking them to:*
- Assume that any distressing thought, feeling or sensation is a communication from a part
- Use logical reasoning to differentiate a part’s feelings from their own emotions
- Draw a ‘systems map’ showing all the parts and their relationship to each other
- Remember significant events in their lives
42. Using the language of parts and ‘de-coding’ the client’s “I” statements as communications from parts helps with which of the following?*
- Developing greater ego strength
- Ability to mindfully notice thoughts, feelings, actions & reactions as communications from parts
- Strengthening the therapeutic alliance
- Does not help
43. Addictive and eating disordered behavior is generally associated with which of the following?*
- Flight part
- Fight part
- Submit part
- Attach part
44. “Re-framing” the symptoms as survival strategies has which of the following benefits?*
- It reduces shame
- It increases curiosity and interest
- It increases motivation
- It increases empathy for the child parts who have those symptoms
45. Use of the language of parts with fragmented clients is:*
- Essential to increasing mindfulness of parts activity
- Conducive to empathic connection
- Contraindicated because it can increase fragmentation
- A metaphor for understanding their feelings
46. Client resistance to the language of parts is:*
- Normal and should be respected
- Normal at first but usually passes when therapists keep using it
- A sign that it is not the right model for the client
- A sign that the client is threatened
47. The term “blending” refers to:*
- Combining different therapeutic modalities in treatment
- Being flooded with the parts’ emotions and impulses
- A cooking technique
- A painting technique
48. Helping clients “unblend” requires:*
- Teaching them to notice their distressing thoughts, emotions and physical reactions as communications from parts
- Helping them differentiate past from present
- Asking them to name their parts
- Use art therapy to draw pictures of each part
49. Clients can recognize that they are blended if:*
- The therapist helps them connect to their bodies
- They feel overwhelmed or dysregulated
- They are helped to recognize the signs they are flooded
- They can connect past and present
50. In treatment with dissociated and fragmented clients, the therapist must prioritize:*
- Facilitating awareness of the system by mapping it
- Working directly with parts 1:1
- Working directly with the client or Normal Life self
- Helping clients to notice and unblend from their parts
51. Externalizing parts by representing them with objects is:*
- Helpful in reducing internal conflicts and mental confusion
- Unhelpful and childish
- Harmful because it increases fragmentation
- Neither helps nor hurts
52. “Relentless reframing” refers to:*
- Helping client link past and present
- Therapist consistency in reframing distress as a part
- Confrontation of the client
- Making connections to traumatic events
53. In working with clients with structurally dissociated parts, effective treatment hinges on:*
- Facilitating collaborative relationships between the Normal Life Self and traumatized younger parts
- Integrating parts into one homogenized identity
- Teaching clients to understand all the different reactions as ‘mine’
- Managing the self-destructive and regressive behavior of the parts
54. “Self” in Internal Family Systems Therapy refers to:*
- The sense of identity
- The authentic core self
- Qualities of curiosity, compassion, calm, confidence and connection
- The Going On with Normal Life part
55. In the Internal Family Systems model, “healing” is the outcome of:*
- Processing the trauma
- Internal healing relationship between Self and parts
- The therapeutic relationship
- Time passing
56. To diagnose DID, the therapist must assess:*
- If the parts are able to take over the body and act outside of conscious awareness
- If the parts have different names and identities
- If the client has a sufficiently severe trauma history
- If clients talk to themselves
57. “Switching” refers to:*
- Changes in decision-making
- Substituting one part for another
- Alterations of consciousness in which client ‘becomes’ a part
- Losing time
58. “Highjacking” is a trauma-related term describing what phenomenon?*
- Triggered reactions (ie, prefrontal inhibition, defensive responses)
- Acting out behavior
- Distorted cognitions
- Being kidnapped
59. Signs that clients are “highjacked” include which of the following?*
- Greater difficulty functioning in daily life, frequent crises
- Disconnection from emotion
- Throwing themselves into work
- Distraction activities
60. “How do you feel toward that part?” is an Internal Family Systems question that encourages:*
- Empathy for the traumatized or younger part
- Mindful awareness of the part
- Increasing distance from that part
- Creating hostility toward certain parts
61. “Identifying with” parts is a term that refers to:*
- Using multiple names
- Learning to notice the parts
- Assuming that the parts’ feelings are ‘my’ feelings
- Agreeing with the parts
62. Stabilization of fragmented clients and repair of the past is facilitated by:*
- Learning stabilization skills
- Developing the ability for internal communication and negotiation
- Hospitalization
- Cognitive-behavioral treatment
63. “Resourcing the defense” is a term that describes:*
- Learning more adaptive defenses
- Understanding defenses
- Re-framing animal defenses as resources rather than pathological
- Utilizing the energy of the defense
64. Suicidality can best be understood as:*
- The wish to die
- A part’s impulse to take control and avoid vulnerability
- Hopelessness
- Expression of a need for more support
65. Instability in the lives of traumatized clients reflects:*
- Autonomic dysregulation
- Internal conflicts between parts
- Triggering
- Triggered and dysregulated parts in conflict
66. When parts are triggered and autonomic arousal dysregulated,*
- The prefrontal cortex shuts down, inhibiting the Going On with Normal Life part
- The prefrontal cortex shuts down and the Going On with Normal Life part takes over
- The Going On with Normal Life part has to regulate them
- The Going On with Normal Life part carries on as usual
67. The therapist’s job includes:*
- Validating the Normal Life part’s inability to regulate as normal
- Helping clients to notice and use their competencies
- Helping the client understand the Normal Life part as a false self
- Supporting the parts
68. We teach clients to ground by asking them to:*
- Visually scan the environment.
- Sense the body
- Feel their feet on the ground and push down
- Feel their backs against the chair
69. In centering, focus on the sensation of one’s hand over the heart leads to _________ heart rate and calming of the body.*
- No change in
- Increased
- Decreased
- Irregular
70. When clients feel shame, hopelessness, helplessness or depression, their spines tend to:*
- Become more rigid and erect.
- Ache
- Collapse
- Tense
71. _______ is part of our animal heritage, intended to help us survey our surroundings, locate where we are in time and space, and determine what is safe and what isn’t.*
- Orienting
- Mindfulness
- Prayer
- Sensing
72. To access their resources when triggered or dysregulated, clients need to:*
- Practice using resources in the therapy hour
- Accept that they have these resources
- Remember to use them
- Increase their self-esteem
73.“10% Solutions” is a term that refers to:*
- Decreasing the amount of sugar clients eat
- Engaging in activities that help 5-10%
- Avoidance of all or nothing thinking
- Overcoming the power of the parts
74. “Sitting back” is a technique for:*
- Regulating autonomic arousal
- Facilitating internal dialogue
- Decreasing overwhelm
- Both regulating activation and facilitating internal dialogue
75. Disorganized attachment status in children has been linked to:*
- Dysfunctional parenting
- Mis-attuned parents
- Neglect
- Parents who are frightening or appear frightened
76. The two subtypes of disorganized attachment are:*
- Fearful, withdrawn and depressed
- Preoccupied and dismissing
- Ashamed and self-critical
- Work-oriented vs pleasure-oriented
77. Two “controlling” strategies have been associated with disorganized attachment:*
- Controlling-Caretaking and Controlling-Punitive
- Controlling-Fawning and Controlling-Fainting
- Controlling-Compliant and Controlling-Confrontational
- Controlling-Disconnected and Controlling-Dysregulated
78. Manifestations of disorganized attachment in the transference include:*
- Distancing from the therapist
- Clinging to the therapist
- Alternately idealizing and devaluing the therapist
- Need for extra contact
79. The Attach part appears in therapy as:*
- Difficulty leaving the office at the end of sessions
- Anger when the therapist is unavailable
- Attempts to please the therapist
- Fear of the therapist
80. The Fight part appears in therapy as:*
- Intellectualized
- Withdrawn
- Angry
- Compliant
81. When parts are triggered by therapy, the therapist should use the following approach:*
- Right brain-to-right brain communication
- Problem-solving
- Psychoeducation about disorganized attachment
- Limit-setting
82. The “social engagement system” is:*
- A psychosocial theory
- A neural system controlling certain muscle groups
- An interpersonal effectiveness technique
- An organizational skill
83. The social engagement system is inhibited:*
- When individuals feel unsafe
- When individuals have not learned to make use of it
- In autism spectrum disorders
- When we are angry
84. The social engagement system regulates which muscle groups:*
- Arms and legs
- Heart rate and breathing
- Facial and eye muscles, larynx and head/neck
- Musculoskeletal
85. “Trauma-informed communication” refers to:*
- The use of the social engagement system with clients
- Integrating psychoeducation into the conversation
- Avoiding use of triggering words
- Avoiding use of triggering body language
86. Memory processing with DID or other fragmented clients is more effective when:*
- It includes processing each part’s memory for individual events
- The focus is on repairing the effects of what happened
- It includes confrontation of the family and perpetrator
- It includes cognitive re-framing
87. An internal sense of safety is fostered by:*
- Empathic connections between a wise Normal Life adult and wounded child parts
- Having processed the traumatic memories
- Getting control over self-destructive behavior
- Putting the past behind
88. To facilitate increased internal safety, the therapist must help the client:*
- Develop inner dialogue skills
- Recognize that their thoughts and feelings are communications from parts
- Develop control over parts’ thoughts and feelings
- Develop control over the parts’ behavior
89. The experiential technique of internal dialoguing can be used:*
- To encourage clients to express their anger at their perpetrators
- To reassure and support themselves
- To rehearse dialogues with friends and family members
- To offer reparative experiences to child parts of the client
90. Internal dialogue techniques are best taught in a structured, step by step way, beginning with the simple technique of:*
- Putting the part in an empty chair
- “Asking inside”
- Journaling
- Learning to reassure one’s self
91. To facilitate increased “co-consciousness,” the therapist must help the client:*
- Develop inner dialogue skills
- Recognize that thoughts and feelings are communications from and between parts
- Develop control over parts’ thoughts and feelings
- Develop control over the parts’ behavior
92. “Asking inside” is a hypnotic technique that:*
- Initiates internal dialogue between Normal Life self and parts
- Helps client identify their wants and needs
- Accesses other states of consciousness
- Is unwise to utilize
93. The first step in facilitating internal dialogue is:*
- Identification of parts
- Discriminating the role of the part
- Noticing a distressing feeling arising in the moment
- Teaching the steps for internal communication
94. The second step is to:*
- Ask inside
- Interpret the part’s feeling in the light of the past
- Increase curiosity and empathy for the part
- Reassure and comfort the part
95. Clients who are overwhelmed by the thoughts and feelings of their parts sometimes find it easier to be in relationship to the parts if they:*
- Recognize the bodily manifestations of parts
- Represent the parts with objects
- Avoid using the word “part”
- Use a different modality or approach
96. Disowning parts of ourselves that are immature, impulsive or destructive is:*
- Healthy and to be encouraged
- Problematic when it interferes with taking responsibility for one’s actions
- Interferes with developing a sense of identity
- Is a form of denial
97. “Internal attachment” is a term that refers to:*
- The relationship we have to our young, emotional ‘selves’
- The biological drive to attach to our children
- Introjected representations of our parents
- How we feel about ourselves
98. Self-acceptance is a reflection of:*
- Good self-esteem
- Internal attachment relationships to one’s parts
- Decreased shame and self-loathing
- The development of self-compassion
99. The first step in developing internal attachment to one’s parts is:*
- Giving the parts names and identities
- Self-compassion
- Negotiation of safety contracts with destructive parts
- Overcoming the tendency to distance from them and cultivating empathy instead
100. The Four Befriending Questions is a protocol for:*
- Increasing internal attachment and communication between parts and Normal Life self
- Stabilizing unsafe behavior
- Increasing the therapeutic alliance
- Connecting current behavior and past memory
101. “Rupture and repair” refers to:*
- Parents’ attempts to soothe infant distress
- Behavior of abusive parents
- Repair of therapeutic ruptures
- Secure attachment
102. The rupture and repair model for parts assumes:*
- That the therapist will offer reparative experiences
- That clients recognize distressing emotions as communications from parts
- That clients recognize ‘ruptures’ as parts and offer them ‘repair’
- That clients hear the parts’ memories and accept them
103. “Missing experience” is a term that describes:*
- The impact of neglect
- The impact of the trauma
- The impact of depriving a child of safe attachment experiences
- The impact of being shamed and humiliated
104. The Attach part needs the missing experience of:*
- Safety from abandonment
- Feeling loved and valued
- Comfort and reassurance
- Safety from abandonment and feeling special
105. The Fight part needs the missing experience of:*
- Effective aggression
- Being given control and respect
- Being given comfort
- Being given reassurance
106. The Freeze or fearful part needs the missing experience of:*
- Protection
- Safety
- Comfort
- Protection and safety
107. The Submit part needs the missing experience of:*
- Safety in setting boundaries
- Ability to say No
- Pride instead of shame
- Boundaries, the ability to say No, pride
108. Visualization techniques represent another vehicle for the Normal Life self to:*
- Disclose traumatic memories
- Offer comfort and safety
- Develop resources for managing impulsivity
- Develop a ‘safe place’
109. Somatic interventions for parts should be used cautiously with:*
- Clients who are body-phobic or body-averse
- Clients with dissociative disorders
- Suicidal or homicidal clients
- Schizophrenic clients
110. Nightmares, dreams, flashbacks, and intrusive memories reported by traumatized clients are best treated as:*
- Communications from parts
- Self-disclosure of traumatic events
- Metaphorical and symbolic in nature
- Unconscious drives and fantasies
111. “Rupture and repair” in parts work refers to:*
- The problem of empathic failures
- Repair of child parts’ traumatic attachment experience
- Re-parenting child parts
- Therapist empathic failures
112. “Secure attachment” describes:*
- A somatic sense of warmth, closeness and safety
- A belief that one is safe
- A sense of security
- Trust versus mistrust
113. Visualizing or imagining an experience we have never had:*
- Is a hypnotic technique
- Is a form of denial
- Is a vehicle for self-soothing
- Can be used to evoke new physical and emotional responses as if we were experiencing them now.
114. Positive experiences of emotional attachment and tenderness toward parts can be transformative if:*
- The client does not forget them
- They are solidified through repetition
- They open up the client emotionally
- The client feels them somatically and emotionally
115. The key to trauma resolution in fragmented individuals is:*
- Understanding that the parts’ implicit memories are what keeps the past alive
- The ability to feel one’s self as one whole person
- Ability to acknowledge the severity of the trauma
- Ability to talk about what happened within the Window of Tolerance
116. Therapeutic attunement to fragmented individuals must include:*
- Empathy for the Normal Life self
- Ability to communicate empathy for each part as they arise
- Empathy for the challenges of fragmentation
- Empathy for the pain of the trauma
117. One challenge for the therapist is:*
- Increasing tolerance for Fight and Flight parts
- Decreasing tolerance for Attach parts
- Striking a balance between closeness and distance
- Dealing with the dysregulation
118. Modern theories and neuroscience emphasize the following aspect of trauma treatment:*
- Repairing the effects of the trauma
- Challenging negative cognitive schemas
- The therapeutic relationship as the healing agent
- Exposure to memory
119. In order to experience trauma as “resolved” or “over,” the client’s body first needs to:*
- Be calm and focused
- Experience a felt sense of safety
- Experience a sense of threat
- No longer react to remembered events
120. Trauma resolution includes an internal sense of safety which is fostered through:*
- Empathic connections between a wise Normal Life adult and wounded child part
- Completion of undischarged bodily responses
- Transformed beliefs about one’s self and the world
- The ability to defend one’s self
121. Though the symptoms and the parts reflect the legacy of the past, treatment must prioritize:*
- Attention to traumatic events and memories
- Attention to the parts’ present experience
- Attention to increasing functioning and self-esteem
- Attention to the therapeutic transference
122. Repetition in psychotherapy is:*
- Necessary for changing procedural patterns
- Means the therapist is not being creative
- Means the client is not working hard enough
- A sign that the therapy is not psychodynamic
124. “Co-regulation” refers to:*
- How a parent soothes an infant
- Contingent nonverbal communication that regulates or dysregulates the other
- Therapeutic collaboration
- Ability to use regulation skills
123. Evoking positive feelings in a trauma therapy is:*
- Disrespectful
- Can be perceived as uncaring
- Self-indulgence on the part of the therapist or client
- An important step in expanding the parts’ tolerance for positive affect and experience
124. “Co-regulation” refers to:*
- The therapist is responsive to the client’s emotions
- The therapist’s interpersonal and social skills
- Good mirroring by the therapist
- Therapist ability to alter style of communication responsively
125. “Contingent communication” describes which of the following:*
- Disrespectful
- Can be perceived as uncaring
- Self-indulgence on the part of the therapist or client
- An important step in expanding the parts’ tolerance for positive affect and experience
126. Self-compassion is considered:*
- As essential to trauma recovery as mindfulness
- Too challenging for survivors of trauma
- Possible only when the traumatic memories have been processed
- A ‘new age’ idea but not a therapeutic intervention
127. Integration should be:*
- The goal of work with fragmented clients
- Understood as requiring ‘differentiation and linkage’
- Fusion of all parts into one whole
- Allow parts to keep their roles
128. “Linkage” is defined as:*
- Connecting child and adult parts
- Connecting past and present
- Linking thoughts and feelings
- Linking child/adult and past/present
129. “Internal attachment” is a term that refers to:*
- The relationship we have to our young, emotional ‘selves’
- The biological drive to attach to our children
- Introjected representations of our parents
- How we feel about ourselves
130. “Healing” in trauma treatment means:*
- To help clients get their feelings and memories “up and out”
- To stabilize and resume normal life
- To complete the processing of traumatic memories
- To accept, forgive and welcome all parts of the self
131. When parts are offered secure attachment,*
- Clients begin to experience “earned secure attachment”
- Clients experience increased comfort and calm in therapy
- Clients’ symptoms improve
- Clients can accept the past
132. Resolution of internal conflicts between parts is:*
- Not possible in fragmented individuals
- The result of internal trust and collaboration
- A long-term project
- The outcome of strengthening the Normal Life self

Healing the Fragmented Selves: Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment (TIST) Post-Test

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